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Conference
"Double Trouble - HIV and HSV" Dr. Robert Finlayson (biography) English - 2007-08-20 - 28 minutes
(30 slides)
Summary : In HIV-positive individuals co-infection with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is common.
HSV-2 infection has been associated with an increased risk of HIV seroconversion (1), and the natural history of genital herpes in HIV co-infected individuals is different than in non-HIV infected persons (2).
The Rakai study showed that genital ulcer disease increased the risk of HIV transmission in 174 monogamous HIV-discordant couples (3). Another study from Pune, India found that recent HSV-2 infection was associated with higher risk of acquiring HIV (4). HSV infection also activates HIV replication and may facilitate the transmission of HIV-1 (5). HIV is a risk factor for HSV reactivation (6).
What is the interaction between HSV-1 and HIV-1 in AIDS pathogenesis? A cell line chronically infected by HIV-1 and HSV-1 has been created that produces HIV-1 particles pseudotyped by the HSV-1 envelope – a recombinant virion that could infect a large spectrum of CD4 cells. This could spread HIV-1 infection to different organs, and lead to a high HIV-1 viral load in the absence of circulating CD4 cells in the terminal phases of AIDS.
Dr. Finlayson discusses the strength of the evidence in support of HSV facilitating the acquisition of HIV and transmission of HIV, and how this affects clinical practice.
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